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TOEFL IBT: With Online Tests and Downloadable Audio

為了解決hour pronunciation的問題，作者Sharpe, Pamela J. 這樣論述：

Barron's newest edition of TOEFL iBT has been fully updated to reflect the new TOEFL format and provides flexible study options and key skills review to help you study what you need to know for the test. You'll also get 8 full-length practice tests, 8 one-hour practice tests, four video lessons, on

line PowerPoint presentations, and online audio files for all practice to help you feel prepared on test day. This edition includes: Eight full-length TOEFL iBT practice tests with answer explanations in both the book and online8 one-hour practice testsA review of required academic and language skil

ls with four video lessons and a grammar review that supports the Speaking and Writing SectionsAn online pronunciation guide that features over 200 campus flashcards with vocabulary terms and example sentencesMP3 audio files for all promptsA general overview of the TOEFL iBTPowerPoint review present

ations with handouts and resources for tutors and teachers Dr. Pamela Sharpe is an internationally known expert on test preparation. She has taught ESL at the University of Florida, the Ohio State University, the University of Toledo, the University of Texas at Austin, and Northern Arizona Univers

ity. She is the author of more than 12 books. Her books on the TOEFL are Barron’s best sellers and have helped millions of students prepare for and succeed on the TOEFL. About the Publisher In the 1930s, Manuel H. Barron opened a bookstore in Brooklyn, New York. People from the community asked Mr.

Barron about books that might be available to help their children study for the New York State Regents exams. After realizing there wasn’t anything available, Mr. Barron created his own study guides. 80 years later, Barron’s has helped millions of people prepare for their next step.

hour pronunciation進入發燒排行的影片

中級泰籍學習者華語擦音與塞擦音聲母教學研究

為了解決hour pronunciation的問題，作者陳思白 這樣論述：

在泰國許多泰籍華語教師在3日至1個禮拜的時間內，就將華語語音課教完，並且他們經常使用泰語語音來拼音，使得許多學習者無法脫離泰語腔調。因此，為了讓泰籍學習者的發音發得更加準確，研究者就想設計出適合泰籍學習者學習華語聲母的教學法，並以泰語中沒有對應的10個華語聲母為研究範圍，包含4個擦音h[x]、x[ɕ]、sh[ʂ]、r[ʐ]及6個塞擦音j[tɕ]、q[tɕh]、z[ts]、c[tsh]、zh[tʂ]、ch[tʂh]。 為了知道本研究設計的華語聲母教學法是否對泰籍學習者有幫助，研究者選取《漢語教程》教材的華語單音節字詞作為本研究的發音測驗，並進行2次測驗分別為，在教學實驗前進行「前

測」及在教學後進行「後測」，然後讓3名聽辨發音測驗評審者評估受試者的發音並進行分析。此外，觀察他們當使用本研究發音教學法後是否有所改善。實際參與教學的泰籍受試者為20名，華語水平為中級以上，教學時間約2個小時。教學內容分別為：第一課課程內容為介紹華語聲母「發音部位」與「發音方法」、以及華語聲母「平舌音」與「捲舌音」；而第二課課程內容為華語聲母「舌根音」與「舌面音」，加上練習華語聲母辨別聽力與發音。 經研究發現，使用本研究設計的華語聲母教案之後，能改善所有聲母的發音，但其中3個華語聲母還要進行調整，包含2個送氣塞擦音ch[tʂh]與c[tsh]，1個舌面擦音 x[ɕ]，由於發音正確率皆不到

一半，因此發音進步率亦不高。 依據上述的結果，研究者認為這3個聲母對受試者改善發音的幫助較低出於4種原因：其一、受試者的華語水平已在很高的程度了，很難改變他們自己發音的習慣；其二、此華語聲母教學法不適合受試者；其三、研究者華語聲母的發音能力不夠準確；其四、受試者將送氣塞擦音與擦音混在一起使用，分不清楚這倆語音。

Elementary Mandarin Chinese Textbook: The Complete Language Course for Beginning Learners (with Companion Audio)

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為了解決hour pronunciation的問題，作者Kubler, Cornelius C. 這樣論述：

Elementary Mandarin Chinese Textbook is a new beginner Mandarin Chinese course which enables you to quickly learn the basics of the language. The 24 lessons in this book are meant to be used in 3 hours per week of class instruction over one academic year. Students will need another 2-3 hours of outs

ide practice and review for every hour of class time, using the materials in the accompanying Elementary Mandarin Chinese Workbook. These books can also be used by self-study learners due to the extensive explanations and free supplementary materials available -- including online audio and video rec

ordings and flash cards. The entire course can be completed in 25 to 35 weeks and teaches you the basic skills of speaking, reading and writing Mandarin Chinese at a conversational level. Each lesson starts with a dialogue and includes a list of new and supplementary Chinese vocabulary along with qu

estions and grammar notes about the dialogue, a reading section and extensive exercises (that are in the Workbook). Elementary Mandarin Chinese Textbook offers the following significant advantages over other similar textbooks: Common, everyday Chinese dialogues are used--complete with vocabulary lis

ts and questions and storylines based on actual everyday experiences in ChinaChinese grammar is explained in simple, non-technical terms with useful notes and tips givenReading exercises are provided for all new words and phrases in each lessonFree online audio recordings by native speakers from dif

ferent regions of China help you not only acquire correct pronunciation, but also to understand Chinese speakers who have different accentsIllustrations and supplementary video clips add authenticity to the materials in the bookA Chinese-English dictionary, downloadable flash cards and supplementary

exercises are all providedBoth Chinese characters and Pinyin Romanized forms are given throughout the book (except for the reading exercises), so this book can be used by students who wish to focus on learning the spoken language, as well as those who are learning to read and write the Chinese char

acters simultaneously. This textbook should be used in conjunction with Elementary Mandarin Chinese Workbook and the included audio files, which can be downloaded free directly from the Tuttle website. Cornelius C. Kubler, Ph.D is Stanfield Professor of Asian Studies at Williams College, where he

teaches Chinese and for many years chaired the Department of Asian Studies. He was formerly Chinese Language Training Supervisor and Chair of the Department of Asian and African Languages at the Foreign Service Institute, U.S. Department of State, where he trained American diplomats in Chinese and o

ther languages, and he served for six years as Principal of the American Institute in Taiwan Chinese Language & Area Studies School. Kubler, who has directed intensive Chinese language training programs in the U.S., mainland China, and Taiwan, has been active in Chinese language test development and

has authored or coauthored over 13 books and 50 articles on Chinese language pedagogy and linguistics.

專業對收入的影響研究—以蒙古旅遊業為例

為了解決hour pronunciation的問題，作者Munkhmandakh Bat-Orgil 這樣論述：

以往的研究主要集中在旅遊業服務質量與顧客滿意度之間的關係上。但是,為了提供更好的服務質量,導遊應該具備足夠的專業技能。本研究試圖了解職業精神是否以及如何影響收入。選擇專業技能、語言技能、個性和常識四個因素來了解它們對收入的影響。問卷通過社交媒體特別是 Facebook、Facebook 信使和電子郵件分發。樣本量為 102 名在旅行社兼職和全職的導遊。使用 SPSS 統計軟件通過定量方法處理和分析響應。為了確定因素之間的關係,在描述性分析之後進行回歸分析。導遊的專業技能、語言技能、個性和常識都對收入有顯著的正向影響。專業技能可以成為所有服務行業客戶滿意的關鍵。導遊說外語越流利,越能向遊客提供

信息,保持良好的關係。個人的個性也涉及人際交往和對彼此的看法。由於整個行業都是為了招待顧客,因此獲得這種技能的導遊可以獲得更高的收入。借助常識,導遊可以預測即將發生的事件,以便更好地為即將發生的某些事情做好準備並採取適當的措施。