fragment文法的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列股價、配息、目標價等股票新聞資訊

一句英文看天下：閱讀英文小說、電影、歌曲(二版)

為了解決fragment文法的問題，作者陳超明 這樣論述：

每天，我們應該聽一首小曲、讀一首好詩、看一幅優美畫作，如果可能，講幾句有見識的話。──德國大文豪歌德 “Every day we should hear at least one little song, read one good poem, see one exquisite picture, and, if possible, speak a few sensible words.”－by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 　　文學大師 陳超明 給你一句話的震撼力量 　　跨越英美文學門檻，用一句英文看世界，咀嚼人生的大智慧 　　當紅電影、近代小說、經典名著、知名

音樂劇、流行歌曲、名人佳句 　　優美英文處處在你我身邊 　　一次一句，增進英文實力！ 　　．總共收錄 100 句名言佳句 　　．精選自膾炙人口的電影、經典及當代小說、戲劇、音樂劇、歌曲、詩、散文、廣告等 　　．每篇佳句均有中文翻譯、單字解析、陳超明教授的精采導讀賞析 　　．利用優美句子，學英文句型、單字 　　．學好英文，同時領略句中的人生智慧、處世之道、領導風範、未來規劃 　　豐富題材： 　　電影 　　《冰雪奇緣》、《蜘蛛人 2》、《亞果出任務》、《鋼鐵人 3》、《派特的幸福劇本》、《闇黑無界：星際爭霸戰》、《超人：鋼鐵英雄》、《P.S. 我愛你》、《騎士出任務》、《環太平洋》、《美國隊

長 2》、《少年 Pi 的奇幻漂流》、《春風化雨》、《地球過後》、《雷神索爾 2》、《福爾摩斯》、《偷書賊》…… 　　小說 　　《最後一封情書》、《往生者》、《羊毛記》、《米德鎮》、《蒼蠅王》、《科學怪人》、《天真》、《遠大前程》、「傑克‧李奇」系列小說、《艾瑪》、《簡愛》、艾西莫夫《基地》系列、《老人與海》…… 　　戲劇、音樂劇 　　莎士比亞戲劇《皆大歡喜》、《馬克白》 　　音樂劇《愛無止盡》、《悲慘世界》、《夢幻騎士》、《西貢小姐》 　　散文 　　亨利‧梭羅〈湖濱散記〉、查爾斯‧蘭姆〈舊瓷器〉、愛倫‧波〈詩的原則〉、法蘭西斯‧培根〈論學習〉、瓦特‧裴特〈鑑賞〉、約翰‧紐曼〈大學的理念

〉、托爾斯泰〈小冊子〉…… 　　詩 　　密爾頓〈失樂園〉、史詩〈奧迪賽〉、濟慈〈秋頌〉、佛洛斯特〈雪夜中林外駐足〉、雪萊〈變〉、惠特曼〈草葉集〉、威廉‧布萊克〈毒樹〉、濟慈〈快樂的英格蘭〉、拜倫〈她在美中行走〉、丁尼生〈老鷹〉…… 　　歌曲 　　克莉絲汀‧阿奎萊拉“Fighter”、席琳狄翁“That’s the Way It Is”、Bruno Mars“Just the Way You are”、地下天堂“The Price We Pay” 　　名人佳句 　　比爾‧柯林頓、西默斯‧希尼、愛倫‧佩基  

一句英文看天下：閱讀英文小說、電影、歌曲

為了解決fragment文法的問題，作者陳超明 這樣論述：

文學大師 陳超明 給你一句話的震撼力量 跨越英美文學門檻，用一句英文看世界，咀嚼人生的大智慧 當紅電影、近代小說、經典名著、知名音樂劇、流行歌曲、名人佳句 優美英文處處在你我身邊 一次一句，增進英文實力！ 　　每天，我們應該聽一首小曲、讀一首好詩、看一幅優美畫作，如果可能，講幾句有見識的話。─德國大文豪歌德 　　“Every day we should hear at least one little song, read one good poem, see one exquisite picture, and, if possible, speak a few sensible

words.”－by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 　　今天影響你的一句話是什麼？ 　　從賞析經典英文小說、電影、名人、歌曲的一句話，提升人生智慧、拓展國際視野，體驗文字之美，一次一句，增進英文實力！ 　　金鐘獎得主、英美文學專家陳超明教授精挑細選的一句話，讓我們跨越英美文學的門檻，進入經典的文字世界，咀嚼人生的大智慧。 　　《飢餓遊戲》、《少年 Pi 的奇幻漂流》、《蜘蛛人》、《悲慘世界》、《雷神索爾》、《派特的幸福劇本》、《春風化雨》、《福爾摩斯》……，由眾多經典名言佳句中，洗滌心靈，培養人生智慧。 　　《一句英文看天下》精采內容： 　　總共收錄 10

0 句名言佳句 　　精選自膾炙人口的電影、經典及當代小說、戲劇、音樂劇、歌曲、詩、散文、廣告等各領域 　　每篇佳句均有中文翻譯、單字解析、陳超明教授的精采導讀賞析 　　利用優美句子，學英文句型、單字 　　學好英文，同時領略句中的人生智慧、處世之道、領導風範、未來規劃 　　「一句話」擷取自以下豐富題材： 　　電影 　　《冰雪奇緣》、《蜘蛛人 2》、《亞果出任務》、《鋼鐵人 3》、《派特的幸福劇本》、《闇黑無界：星際爭霸戰》、《超人：鋼鐵英雄》、《P.S. 我愛你》、《騎士出任務》、《環太平洋》、《美國隊長 2》、《少年 Pi 的奇幻漂流》、《春風化雨》、《地球過後》、《雷神索爾 2》、《福爾

摩斯 2：詭影遊戲》、《偷書賊》…… 　　小說 　　《最後一封情書》、《羊毛記》、《米德鎮》、《蒼蠅王》、《科學怪人》、《天真》、《遠大前程》、「傑克‧李奇」系列小說、《艾瑪》、《簡愛》、艾西莫夫《基地》系列、《老人與海》…… 　　戲劇、音樂劇 　　莎士比亞戲劇《皆大歡喜》、《馬克白》 　　音樂劇《愛無止盡》、《悲慘世界》、《夢幻騎士》、《西貢小姐》 　　散文 　　亨利‧梭羅〈湖濱散記〉、查爾斯‧蘭姆〈舊瓷器〉、愛倫‧波〈詩的原則〉、法蘭西斯‧培根〈論學習〉、瓦特‧裴特《鑑賞》、約翰‧紐曼《大學的理念》、托爾斯泰《小冊子》…… 　　詩 　　彌爾頓《失樂園》、史詩《奧德賽》、濟慈〈秋頌〉

、佛洛斯特〈雪夜中林外駐足〉、雪萊〈變〉、惠特曼《草葉集》、威廉‧布萊克〈毒樹〉、濟慈〈快樂的英格蘭〉、拜倫〈她在美中行走〉、丁尼生〈老鷹〉…… 　　歌曲 　　克莉絲汀‧阿奎萊拉 “Fighter”、席琳狄翁 “That’s the Way It Is”、Bruno Mars “Just the Way You are”、地下天堂 “The Price We Pay” 　　名人佳句 　　比爾‧柯林頓、西默斯‧希尼、愛倫‧佩基 作者簡介 陳超明 　　英美文學教授，兩屆金鐘獎得主，堅持每天閱讀—題材廣泛而深入的閱讀。 　　曾著引領台灣英語學習革命觀念書－《英語即戰力》、《全球英語實戰

力》。所著《全球英語文法》、《一生必讀的英文小說》、《一生必學的英文寫作》等書，蟬連各大語言學習暢銷排行榜。 　　近年來至全省校園、公家機關指導英語學習改革、師資培訓、提倡閱讀訓練，是極為難得學術界以及業界都推崇的英語教授。 　　現任： 　　實踐大學應用外語系講座教授 　　政治大學英文系兼任教授 　　台灣全球化教育推廣協會理事長 　　漢聲電台「文學之夜」節目製作主持 　　經歷： 　　政大英文系系主任 　　政大英文系教授 　　政大外語學院院長 　　政大公企中心主任 　　個人網站： 　　www.englishforlife.com.tw 前言 “A little lear

ning is a dangerous thing / Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring.” “An Essay on Criticism”〈論批評〉, Alexander Pope 亞歷山大‧波普 “After all you put me through / You'd think I despise you / But in the end, I wanna thank you / 'Cause you make me that much stronger.” “Fighter”〈鬥士〉, Christina Aguilera 克莉絲

汀‧阿奎萊拉 “All of life is an act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking a moment to say goodbye.” Life of Pi 《少年 Pi 的奇幻漂流》（改編自楊・馬泰爾 Yann Martal 的同名小說） “All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players; they have their exits and their entrances, and one man in his time pla

ys many parts....” As You Like It《皆大歡喜》, William Shakespeare 威廉‧莎士比亞 “Although they have the teeth to tear, it is by swish of tail and yearning eyes that they most easily get what they want.” Innocence《天真》, Dean Koontz 丁‧昆士 “Ask yourself whether you are happy, and you cease to be so.” “Autobiography

”〈自傳〉, John Stuart Mill 約翰‧斯圖爾特‧米爾 “Ask yourself: What would you sacrifice for what you believe?” Thor: The Dark World《雷神索爾 2：黑暗世界》 “Better to reign in Hell, than serve in Heaven.” Paradise Lost〈失樂園〉, John Milton 約翰‧密爾頓 “Boys, you must strive to find your own voice.” Dead Poets Society《春風化雨》 “The ch

oice was put in your hands for a reason.” Noah《諾亞方舟》 “Danger is very real, but fear is a choice.” After Earth《地球過後》 “Diversity of opinion about a work of art shows that the work is new, complex, and vital.” The Picture of Dorian Gray《道林‧格雷的畫像》, Oscar Wilde 奧斯卡‧王爾德 “Do you hear the people sing, singi

ng a song of angry men?” Les Miserables《悲慘世界》（改編自 Victor Hugo 雨果的同名小說） “Doubt of any sort cannot be removed except by Action.” Sartor Resartus〈衣服的哲學〉, Thomas Carlyle 湯瑪斯‧卡萊爾 “Dreamers look up at the sky; doers keep their feet on the ground. In a world of hustle and bustle, you see the most beautiful

scene; you are the doer of dreams.” Mercedes Benz 賓士廣告 “Every morning was a cheerful invitation to make my life of equal simplicity, and I may say innocence, with Nature herself.” Walden《湖濱散記》, Henry David Thoreau 亨利‧大衛‧梭羅 “For it was certainly an abominable injustice to drown a man who had worked

so hard, so hard.” The Open Boat《海上扁舟》, Stephen Crane 斯蒂芬‧克萊恩 “For the literary architecture, if it is to be rich and expressive, involves not only foresight of the end in the beginning, but also development or growth of design, in the process of execution, with many irregularities, surprises, and a

fterthoughts.” Appreciations《鑑賞》, Walter Horatio Pater 瓦特．荷瑞修‧裴特 “The future belongs to those who know where they belong.” Divergent《分歧者》 “The greatest poet hardly knows pettiness or triviality.” Leaves of Grass《草葉集》序言, Walt Whitman 華特‧惠特曼 “Happy is England! I could be content / To see no other verd

ure than its own; / To feel no other breezes than are blown / Through its tall woods with high romances blent; / Yet do I sometimes feel a languishment / For skies Italian,...?” “Happy is England”〈快樂的英格蘭〉, John Keats 約翰‧濟慈 “He watches from his mountain walls, and like a thunderbolt he falls.” “The E

agle”〈老鷹〉, Alfred Tennyson 愛佛德‧丁尼生 “Heaven knows we need never be ashamed of our tears, for they are rain upon the blinding dust of earth, overlying our hard hearts.” Great Expectations《偉大前程》, Charles Dickens 查爾斯．狄更斯 “A human being in perfection ought always to preserve a calm and peaceful mind, and

never to allow passion or a transitory desire to disturb his tranquility.” Frankenstein《科學怪人》, Mary Shelley 瑪莉‧雪萊 “I am not pretty. I am not beautiful. I am as radiant as the sun.” The Hunger Games《飢餓遊戲》, Suzanne Collins 蘇珊‧柯林斯 “I believe there's a hero in all of us that keeps us honest, gives us s

trength, makes us noble, and finally allows us to die with pride,...” Spider-Man 2《蜘蛛人 2》 “I griev’d when summer days were gone; / No more I’ll grieve; for Winter here / Hath pleasure gardens of his own.” “Grasmere - A Fragment”〈葛拉斯湖畔－片段〉, Dorothy Wordsworth 桃若絲‧華茲華斯 “I have no idea what I am suppos

ed to do; I just know what I can do.” Star Trek: Into the Darkness《闇黑無界：星際爭霸戰》 “I only know how to fix things.” Wool《羊毛記》, Huge Howey 休‧豪依 “I think of everything everyone did for me and I feel like a very lucky guy.” The Silver Linings Playbook《派特的幸福劇本》（改編自 Matthew Quick 馬修・奎克的同名小說） “I wanted to dam

age every man in the place, and every woman—and not in their bodies or in their estate, but in their vanity—the place where feeble and foolish people are most vulnerable.” The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg《敗壞海德雷鎮的人》, Mark Twain 馬克‧吐溫 “I was angry with my friend; I told my wrath, my wrath did end.” A

Poison Tree〈毒樹〉, William Blake 威廉．布萊克 “I wish from my heart it may do so for many and many a long year to come-- the tradition of genuine warm-hearted courteous Irish hospitality, which our forefathers have handed down to us and which we must hand down to our descendants, is still alive among us.”

The Dead《往生者》, James Joyce 詹姆斯‧喬艾斯 “I’ll give you a million things I’ll never own; I’ll give you a world to conquer when you’re grown.” Miss Saigon《西貢小姐》, Claude-Michel Schonberg 克勞德-米謝‧荀伯格、Alain Boublil 亞倫‧鲍理爾 “I’m nothing like the immortal gods who rule the skies, either in build or breeding; I’m

just a mortal man.” Oddyssey〈奧德賽〉, Homer 荷馬 “If I cannot carry forests on my back, / Neither can you crack a nut.” “Fable”〈寓言〉, Ralph Waldo Emerson 拉爾夫‧沃爾多‧愛默生 “If you’re constantly looking down at your phone, you’re not looking at the world around you.” Jack Reacher Novel Series「傑克李奇」偵探系列小說,  Lee C

hild 李‧查德 “In a cold night / There will be no fair fight.” Hunger Game 2: Catching Fire《飢餓遊戲 2：星火燎原》主題曲 “We Remain”〈屹立不搖〉 “In all negotiations of difficulty, a man may not look to sow and reap at once, but must prepare business, and so ripen it by degrees.” “Of Negotiating”〈論談判〉, Francis Bacon 法蘭西斯‧

培根 “In my religion, we're taught that every living thing, every leaf, every bird, is only alive because it contains the secret word for life.” The Book Thief《偷書賊》（改編自 Markus Zusak 馬克斯‧蘇薩克的同名小說） “In order to fight monsters, we create monsters of our own.” Pacific Rim《環太平洋》 “In the end, when it's over

, all that matters is what you've done.” Alexander《亞歷山大帝》 “An intellectual is a man who says a simple thing in a difficult way; an artist is a man who says a difficult thing in a simple way.” “Notes of a Dirty Old Man”《髒老頭的筆記》, Charles Bukowski 查理‧布考斯基 “It is funny how some distance makes everything

seem small.” Frozen《冰雪奇緣》 “It is the education which gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them, and a force in urging them.” “The Idea of a University”〈大學的理念〉, John Newman 約翰‧紐曼 “It is very difficult for the pro

sperous to be humble.” Emma 《艾瑪》, Jane Austen 珍．奧斯汀 “It sometimes happens that what you feel is not returned for one reason or another—but that does not make your feeling less valuable and good.” “Steinbeck: A Life in Letters”〈史坦貝克：書信人生〉, John Steinbeck 約翰‧史坦貝克 “But it was not only the earth that sh

ook for us: the air around and above us was alive and signalling too.” 諾貝爾文學獎的得獎感言, Seamus Heaney 西默斯‧希尼 “It’s hard to find someone with shared experience.” Captain America: The Winter Solider《美國隊長 2：酷寒戰士》 “Life appears to me too short to be spent in nursing animosity or registering wrongs.” Jane Ey

re《簡愛》, Charlotte Bronte 夏洛蒂．勃朗特 “Love comes to those who believe it.” “That’s the Way It Is”〈就是這樣的方式〉, Celine Dion 席琳‧狄翁 “Love gives you pleasure. And love brings you pain. And yet, when both are gone, love will still remain.” “Love Never Dies”《歌劇魅影 2：愛無止盡》, Andrew Lloyd Webb 安德烈‧洛依‧韋伯 “A man can b

e destroyed but not defeated.” The Old Man and the Sea《老人與海》, Ernest Hemingway 海明威 “Man’s yesterday may ne'er be like his morrow / Nought may endure but Mutability” “Mutability”〈變〉, Percy Bysshe Shelley 波希‧必希‧雪萊 “Nearly all aircraft accidents are the results of a sequence of events. We call it a cas

cade.” Airframe《最高危機》, Michael Crichton 麥可‧克萊頓 “O Lady! We receive but what we give.” “Dejection: An Ode”〈沮喪：一首頌歌〉, Samuel Taylor Coleridge 山姆‧泰勒‧科勒律治 “And on that cheek, and o'er that brow, / So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, / The smiles that win, the tints that glow, / But tell of days in goodness

spent.” “She Walks in Beauty”〈她在美中行走〉, Lord Byron 羅德‧拜倫 “One Law for the Lion and Ox is Oppression.” “The Marriage of Heaven and Hell”〈天堂與地獄的結合〉, William Blake 威廉・布雷克 “The only means of strengthening one's intellect is to make up one's mind about nothing - to let the mind be a thoroughfare for all t

houghts.” 寫給弟弟 George Keats 的書信, John Keats 約翰．濟慈 “The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and, if they can’t find them, make them.” Mrs. Warren’s Profession《華倫太太的職業》, Bernard Shaw 蕭伯納 “President Lincoln’s struggle to abolish slavery re

minds us that enduring progress is forged in a cauldron of both principle and compromise.” Bill Clinton in the Golden Globe Award 2013（柯林頓在 Golden Globe Award 2013 金球獎頒獎典禮的一句話）, Bill Clinton 比爾‧柯林頓 “Pride, where wit fails, steps in to our defense, / And fills up all the mighty void of sense.” “An Es

say on Criticism”〈論批評〉, Alexander Pope 亞歷山大‧波普 “The saddest people I've ever met in life are the ones who don't care deeply about anything at all.” Dear John《最後一封情書》, Nicolas Sparks 尼可拉斯‧史派克 “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Twelfth Night《第十二夜》,

William Shakespeare 威廉‧莎士比亞 “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.” “Of Studies”〈論學習〉, Francis Bacon 法蘭西斯．培根 “Someday' is a dangerous word; it is really just a code for 'never'.” Day and Night《騎士出任務》 “Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find The

e sitting careless on a granary floor,...” “To Autumn”〈秋頌〉, John Keats 約翰‧濟慈 “Suffering has been stronger than all other teaching, and has taught me to understand what your heart used to be.” Great Expectations《遠大前程》, Charles Dickens 查爾斯‧狄更斯 “That pleasure which is at once the most pure, the most el

evating, and the most intense is derived, I maintain, from the contemplation of the beautiful.” “Poetic Principle”〈詩的原則〉, Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加‧愛倫‧坡 “Travelers we are, in this journey of memory. Aboard together we might be, and get off at different times. Still, memory lingers.” Kingston 微電影廣告  “But t

here are limits to what even you can do, Captain, or did Erskine tell you otherwise?” Captain America: The First Avenger《美國隊長》 “There are no pacts between lions and men.” Troy 《特洛依：木馬屠城》（改編自 Homer's Iliad 荷馬史詩《伊里亞德》） “And these vicissitudes tell best in youth; / For when they happen at a riper age,

/ People are apt to blame the Fates,...” Don Juan《唐璜》, Lord Byron 羅德‧拜倫 “They taught me the meaning of loyalty that you should never forget anyone that you’ve loved.” Hachiko: A Dog’s Tale《忠犬小八》 “A thing was worth buying then, when we felt the money that we paid for it.” “Old China”〈舊瓷器〉, Charles La

mb 查爾斯‧蘭姆 “...this and that man, and this and that body of men, all over the country, are beginning to assert and put in practice an Englishman’s right to do what he likes; his right to march where he likes, meet where he likes, enter where he likes, hoot as he likes, threaten as he likes, smash as

he likes. All this, I say, tends to anarchy.” “Culture and Anarchy”〈文化與無政府〉, Matthew Arnold 馬修‧阿諾 “And this gray spirit yearning in desire / To follow knowledge like a sinking star, / Beyond the utmost bound of human thought.” “Ulysses”〈尤里西斯〉, Alfred Tennyson 愛佛德‧丁尼生 “This is my quest, to follow tha

t star / No matter how hopeless, no matter how far / To be willing to give when there's no more to give / To be willing to die so that honor and justice may live.” “The Impossible Dream”〈不可能的夢〉（Man of La Mancha《夢幻騎士》主題曲，改編自《唐吉訶德》小說） “this world would be a whole lot better if we just made an effort t

o be less horrible to one another . . . ; if we took just five minutes to recognize each other’s beauty instead of attacking each other for our differences.” Ellen Page 愛倫．佩基 “To me the meanest flower that blows can give thoughts that do often lie too deep for tears.” “Ode: Intimations of Immortalit

y”〈詩頌：靈魂不朽之提示〉, William Wordsworth 威廉‧華茲華斯 “Universal History, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here.” On Heroes, Hero-Worship and the Heroic in History《英雄與英雄崇拜》, Thomas Carlyle 湯馬斯・卡萊爾 “Violence is the last refuge of t

he incompetent.” Foundation《基地》, Isaac Asimov 以撒‧艾西莫夫 “We are all patchworks, and so shapeless and diverse in composition that each bit, each moment plays its own game.” Essais《隨筆集》, Michel De Montaigne 米歇爾‧德‧蒙泰涅 “We are responsible for these people.” Argo 《亞果出任務》 “We create our own demons.” Iron Ma

n 3《鋼鐵人 3》 “We don't realize what a privilege it is to grow old with someone.” P.S. I Love You《P.S. 我愛你》（改編自 Cecelia Ahern 西西莉亞‧艾亨的同名小說） “We're up on a roll and it’s taking a toll / But it's too late to stop now.” “The Price We Pay”〈我們付出的代價〉, 搖滾樂團 Heaven’s Basement「地下天堂」 “What do we live for, if it

is not to make life less difficult to each other?” Middlemarch《米德鎮》, George Eliot 喬治‧愛略特 “What if a child dreamed of becoming something other than what society had intended?” Man of Steel《超人：鋼鐵英雄》 “Whatever I have tried to do in life, I have tried with all my heart to do well.” David Copperfield《塊肉餘

生錄》, Charles Dickens 查爾斯‧狄更斯 “When I see your face, there’s not a thing that I would change ‘cause you’re amazing, just the way you are.” “Just the Way You Are”〈就是你原本的樣子〉, Bruno Mars 布魯諾‧馬爾斯 “Why should a foolish marriage vow, / which long ago was made, / Oblige us to each other now, When passion is

decayed?” Marriage a la Mod 《婚姻時尚》,  John Dryden 約翰‧德萊頓 “Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood / Clean from my hand?” Macbeth《馬克白》, William Shakespeare 威廉‧莎士比亞 “The woods are lovely, dark and deep. But I have promises to keep.” “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”〈雪夜中林外駐足〉Robert Frost 羅伯

特‧佛洛斯特 “The world, that understandable and lawful world, was slipping away.” Lord of the Flies《蒼蠅王》, William Golding 威廉‧高汀 “Yes! Thank God; human feeling is like the mighty rivers that bless the earth: it does not wait for beauty—it flows with resistless force and brings beauty with it.” Adam Bede《亞

當‧比德》, George Eliot 喬治‧愛略特 “And yet in our world everybody thinks of changing the humanity, and nobody thinks of changing himself.” “Three Methods of Reform” in Pamphlets《小冊子》, Leo Tolstoy 烈夫‧托爾思泰 “You can wipe out an entire generation, you can burn their homes to the ground, and somehow they’ll sti

ll find their way back.” Monuments Men《大尋寶家》 “You choose losers because that's what you think you deserve and that's why you'll never have a better life.” Blue Jasmine《藍色茉莉》 “You have the grand gift of silence, Watson; it makes you quite invaluable as a companion.” Sherlock Holmes《福爾摩斯》 前言 　　閱讀一首詩

，看一場電影或是聽一首歌，有時在剎那間，就是那麼簡單的一句話觸動了我們心靈。《一句英文看天下》就是在這種感動中產生的。 　　不管是東方哲學家，如孔孟，或是西方智者，如蘇格拉底或柏拉圖，留給我們的智慧，大都存在一些精采話語，有時就是短短的一句話。 　　這一句話啟發了某個學者、某個思想家、某個領導人物、某個企業大老，給他們靈感、給他們智慧，開創不同的時代，也啟動人類的文明。讓我們觀天下、治天下，就從這一句話開始！ 　　幾年前的中午，跟當時聯合報的羅國俊總編輯（現在的聯合晚報社長）聚餐，他提到一句話的力量。經過一、兩年的沈澱與思索，在當時教育版的孫榮華組長協助下，醞釀了聯合報教育版「一句話看天

下」的專欄，感謝當時羅總編輯與孫組長的提點。 　　這個專欄持續了將近兩年，每週日晚上交稿，幾乎毀掉這兩年週末的悠閒。從「想到那一句話」到「動筆寫下自己的感想」，內心總是衝突不斷：應該要回應時事？批判社會？創造新思維？提供多元看法？純美學或文學解析？亦或是語言分析與學習？總是到了星期日晚上交稿的時間逼近，才沈澱下來，接近午夜時分，才敲完電腦鍵盤。 　　這兩年重讀了不少作品、看了不少電影、聽了不少歌。一點一滴地幫助自己建構對外在環境的一些觀點與看法。感謝這些藝術家、文學家與哲學家，給我這兩年的心靈洗禮。 　　要將這些短篇集結成冊，有如跟「這兩年」說再見！心中壓力頓時解開，但是內心也充滿不捨。

狄更斯曾說，任何小說都是他的「小孩」，一個個小孩出生、長大、離家，都是不捨的過程。現在的我，就看著這個「小孩」即將長大（應該是女兒，爸爸都比較疼女兒），有些喜悅，也有些感傷。 　　感謝聯合報教育組召集人薛荷玉的督促與校稿指正，感謝聯經出版的李芃的細心讀稿，催生這本書。 　　《一句英文看天下》隱含了自己一生的文學思維，也拼貼出近年來的人生看法。與大家分享細心呵護的小孩，希望大家好好照顧她！ 陳超明 07“Ask yourself: What would you sacrifice for what you believe?”問問你自己：為你所相信的一切，你願意犧牲什麼？Thor: T

he Dark World《雷神索爾 2：黑暗世界》sacrifice 犧牲例：We are all ready to sacrifice our holidays for this science project.（我們都準備要犧牲假期，來完成這個科學計畫。）believe 相信例：Many people believe that education is the only way to change.（許多人相信，教育是改變的唯一方法。）這句話出自電影《雷神索爾2:黑暗世界》（Thor: The Dark World，2013）。影片中的黑暗精靈 Malekith 為了將世界化成黑暗，願意

做出所有的犧牲。這部電影延續雷神索爾第一集的善惡之爭：黑暗與光明的爭鬥。代表黑暗勢力的 Malekith 在上次的爭鬥中輸了，然而，邪惡永遠不死，光明再度面臨挑戰。這種西方文化的正邪之爭，從聖經上的上帝與撒旦而來，經常成為好萊塢電影的老梗主題。光明世界代表次序與人類的生存，而黑暗則是邪惡暴力，代表滅絕與死亡。然而正與邪、光明與黑暗，就是這麼簡單可以劃分嗎？在這一集裡，男主角索爾（Thor）放棄個人恩怨，與野心勃勃的弟弟洛基（Loki）合作，對抗有史以來最大的毀滅力量 Malekith。有趣的是，Makekith 真是惡靈嗎？電影一開始就點出，其實黑暗的力量，早就存在於宇宙誕生之前。Makeki

th 黑暗勢力，只不過是恢復過去的混沌世紀。此外，索爾竟然也喚起邪惡弟弟的善念，來聯手對付更大的邪惡。這種善惡混淆的複雜觀念，也出現在片中的撒旦角色 Malekith 身上。該片最有名的一句台詞，也隱含本片主題，竟然出自 Malekith 口中，當他必須贏回黑暗世界，他必須付出所有代價：“Ask yourself: What would you sacrifice for what you believe?”（問問你自己：為你所相信的一切，你願意犧牲什麼？）。英雄來自犧牲，Malekith 似乎也是某種程度的英雄？這個問題似乎也針對男主角索爾：“你願意付出一切，來拯救九大天界（nine rea

lms）的和平嗎？”這真是人生的大難題！我們也該問問自己：「為自己的理想，我願意犧牲什麼？」有些人自認雄心壯志，想要在五年內賺到第一桶金，可是你願意犧牲什麼呢？時間、健康、家庭、愛情？你可能要日夜工作，投入絕大的心力！有人追求財富或權力，必須犧牲自己所愛或隱私，你願意嗎？有人為了照顧生病父母，犧牲自己享受或甚至很多機會，你願意嗎？

陳那（Dignāga）唯識思想在《成唯識論》中的發展之研究 ——— 以二分自證知（svasaṃvitti）為中心 ———

為了解決fragment文法的問題，作者陳宗元 這樣論述：

陳那是唯識學者，比如在他的《觀所縁縁論》中，提出與世親同樣的唯識立場，即「唯識無境」的觀點。但在《集量論》中，卻不提阿賴耶識或「識體」等重要唯識說法，反而提出了自證知（svasaṃvitti）的概念。如此，是否正如宇井伯壽所說的陳那提出了「唯識新說」？若是的話，那到底他的唯識說的特色為何呢？凡此種種是本論文欲研究的重點之一。而在本論文的研究顯示，以集量論中所提出的，所謂唯識說的命題：「於（具有）兩種顯現（的知）上的自證就是果」（tasyobhayābhāsasya yat svasaṃvedanaṃ tat phalam）；以及「三者非別體」 （trayaṃ nātah pṛthak kṛt

am）的所謂三分說來看，透過與世親所代表的主流唯識說的比較顯示，此二分的自證知（三分說）就是陳那唯識學的特色與主要內容。 此中的二分，在《觀所縁縁論》中，陳那是以所緣緣的理論來解釋，而它具有所謂「不離識」的重要概念，此影響了護法的四分說、二分依他起說的形成。此外，「三分不異」說到了護法時代，就形成四分說與一分說的對立。也就是對於勝義諦的自證知是否具有二分，在看法上的分歧。護法則以佛智中也具有勝義諦的二分說為根據，主張相見二分無論如何都必須是依他起性，並以此來批判同派内的安慧一分說，堅持所謂的有相唯識說的立場。同時對清辯出世無分別智也不具有所緣，不帶有相見二分的說法，護法則以無分別智實證真如時，

與真如一體的所謂「智如平等」的概念來加以反駁。護法再以此不離識說，開展出識内相分也可成為真實佛之實性境的理論，並且以佛具有無漏十八界為理論根據，而提出了大格局的佛之境界說。本論文的結論是，陳那的所謂二分自證知的唯識思想，由《成唯識論述記》的「相見別種」的本質相分所開展出的「佛說法論」來看，可以理解它確實地被護法、窺基等開展成一個新的領域，若以唯識的限制來說當屬不易。如此的發展，終於讓唯識走出「唯心」論或「獨我論」的印象，在宗教實證上有一個重要的地位。故從這些發展來看，陳那的唯識思想與他的因明學一樣，都是創時代的先鋒，也可以說他在歷史上都是具有一定的影響力的。關鍵詞：自證知、三分說、二分依他起、

不離識說、相見別種、佛說法論